Notes Receivable



Module 3:
Cash, Receivables, Payables

Duration:
45-60 minutes

Level:
Beginner to Diploma-Level


Lesson Objectives

➛ Define notes receivable.

➛ Distinguish between accounts receivable and notes receivable.

➛ Identify key elements of a promissory note.

➛ Calculate interest on notes receivable.

➛ Record journal entries for notes receivable transactions.


Key Vocabulary

➛ Notes Receivable
➛ Promissory Note
➛ Maker
➛ Payee
➛ Principal
➛ Interest
➛ Maturity Date
➛ Term


What Are Notes Receivable?

Notes receivable are

➛ Formal, written credit instruments
➛ Usually interest-bearing
➛ More secure than accounts receivable

They are classified as current or non-current assets, depending on maturity.


Notes Receivable vs Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable
Informal agreement
Usually no interest
Short-term
Higher risk

Notes Receivable
Formal written agreement
Often interest-bearing
Can be short or long-term
Lower risk



Key Elements of a Promissory Note

➛ Principal
➛ Interest rate
➛ Term
➛ Maturity date
➛ Maker and payee


Interest Calculation Formula

Interest = Principal × Rate × Time

Time is expressed in years


Journal Entries for Notes Receivable

When note is received
➛ Dr Notes Receivable
➛ Cr Accounts Receivable / Sales Revenue

When interest is earned
➛ Dr Interest Receivable / Cash
➛ Cr Interest Revenue

At maturity | collection
➛ Dr Cash
➛ Cr Notes Receivable
➛ Cr Interest Revenue


Identify the Instrument

State whether each transaction creates
Accounts Receivable | Notes Receivable

➛ Customer signs a 90-day promissory note.
➛ Customer promises verbally to pay later.
➛ Credit sale with a written interest agreement.
➛ Sale invoiced without a formal note.


Interest Calculation

A business accepts a 6-month note for 12,000 at 10% interest.

Tasks
1. Calculate interest earned.
2. Determine total amount due at maturity.


Journal Entry Practice

Prepare journal entries for

1. Accepted a 5,000 note from a customer to settle an account receivable.

2. Accrued interest of 250 at year-end.

3. Collected the note plus interest at maturity.


Mini Case Study

A furniture company converts a customer’s overdue balance into a 3-month note of 20,000 at 12% interest.

Questions

➛ Why might the business prefer a note receivable?

➛ Calculate the interest for the note.

➛ What is the total amount to be received at maturity?

➛ Identify the journal entries required.


Quick Quiz

➛ What is a notes receivable?

➛ Who is the maker of a note?

➛ Give one difference between accounts receivable and notes receivable.

➛ Write the interest formula.

➛ True or False | Notes receivable are always interest-free.

Answers ➧ Here

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts ➧ Here